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Diaphragms and caps
What are they?
Barrier methods of contraception that fit inside the vagina and cover the cervix. They work by preventing the sperm from getting inside the womb. Diaphragms are circular domes made of thin soft rubber, caps are smaller. Both are inserted before sex and used with spermicide.
Advantages:
- May protect against cervical cancer
- Don't affect hormones or the menstrual cycle
- Have no serious health risks
Disadvantages:
- Don't protect against most sexually transmitted infections
- Don't work properly if used without spermicide
- Different types of cap and diaphragm must be tried to find one that fits properly
- Must be left in for six hours after sex
Not suitable for:
- Any woman who has an unusual-shaped cervix, or vaginal muscles that can't hold the device
- A woman or her partner who is sensitive to rubber or spermicide
- Women who suffer from severe and frequent cystitis
- Women who have had toxic shock syndrome
Effectiveness:
These methods are about 92 - 96% effective if they are used carefully.
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